答案1
南京NanjingisthecapitalofChina'sJiangsuProvinceandacitywithaprominentplaceinChinesehistoryandculture.NanjinghasservedasthecapitalofChinaduringseveralhistoricalperiods,andislistedasoneoftheFourGreatAncientCapitalsofChina.Nanjingisalsooneofthefifteensub-provincialcitiesinChina'sadministrativestructure,enjoyingjurisdictionalandeconomicautonomyonlyslightlylessthanthatofaprovince.Inaddition,theRepublicofChina,whichcontrolsTaiwanandneighbouringislands,claimsitasitsdejurecapital.
LocatedinthedownstreamYangtzeRiverdrainagebasinandYangtzeRiverDeltaeconomiczone,NanjinghasalwaysbeenoneofChina'smostimportantcities.ApartfromhavingbeenthecapitalofChinaforsixdynastiesandoftheRepublicofChina,Nanjinghasalsoservedasanationalhubofeducation,research,transportationandtourismthroughouthistory.ItisalsothesecondlargestcommercialcenterintheEastChinaregion,behindonlyShanghai.
南通
Nantongisaprefecture-levelcityinJiangsuprovince,People'sRepublicofChina.LocatedonthenorthernbankoftheYangtzeRiverneartherivermouth,NantongisavitalriverportborderingYanchengtothenorth,Taizhoutothewest,Suzhoutothesouthacrosstheriver,andtheEastChinaSeatotheeast.
BecausethecoastoftheEastChinaSeaisconstantlymovingeastwardastheYangtzeRiveraddssilttoitsdelta,Nantongwasmuchclosertotheseashoreinancienttimes.FromthetimeoftheHandynastythroughtotheTangdynasty,whatisnowcalledNantongwasaminorcountysubordinatetoYangzhou.By958ADacityofsufficientimportancehaddevelopedforanew,independentprefecturecalledTongzhou("OpeningPrefecture",possiblyfromitspositionnearthemouthoftheYangtse)tobecreated.TheincreasingwealthofYangzhoucausedTongzhoutobeonceagaineclipsedasanadministrativecenterin1368.WhenTongzhoufinallyregainedprefecturestatusin1724,itwasrenamedNantong("SouthernTong")toavoidconfusionwithanotherTongzhou,locatednearBeijing.
TheprosperityofNantonghastraditionallydependedonsaltproductiononthenearbyseacoast,riceandcottonagriculture,andespeciallytheproductionofcottontextiles.AlocalstatesmanandindustrialistnamedZhangJian(ChangChien)foundedNantong'sfirstmoderncottonmillsin1899,thendevelopedanindustrialcomplexthatincludedflour,oil,andsilkreelingmills,adistillery,andamachineshop.HealsofoundedashippinglineandreclaimedsalineagriculturallandtotheeastofNantongforcottonproduction.By1911,Nantongwascommonlycalled"ZhangJian'sKingdom".
Althoughsufferingfromtheeconomicdepressionofthe1930sandtheJapaneseoccupationofthe1930sand40s,Nantonghasremainedanimportantcenterforthetextileindustry.Becauseofitsdeep-waterharbourandconnectionstoinlandnavigationalcanals,itwasoneof14portcitiesopenedtoforeigninvestmentintherecenteconomicreforms.
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